一、添加依赖

    <properties>
        <poi.version>4.1.0</poi.version>
    </properties>

<!--        poi-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
            <version>${poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- poi处理xlsx格式,用于处理word中的表格 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-ooxml</artifactId>
            <version>${poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-excelant</artifactId>
            <version>${poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <!-- poi-tl基于poi的word模板引擎 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.deepoove</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-tl</artifactId>
            <version>1.5.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
            <artifactId>poi-scratchpad</artifactId>
            <version>${poi.version}</version>
        </dependency>

二、创建工具类

import org.apache.poi.sl.usermodel.TextShape;
import org.apache.poi.xslf.usermodel.*;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.XWPFDocument;
import java.awt.*;
import java.io.*;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Optional;

/**
* @Author: BillYu
* @Description:创建三件套文件
* @Date: Created in 11:02 2022/10/12.
*/
public class PoiUtil {
       public static  byte[] pptTemplateByteArray=null;

   static {
       try {
           pptTemplateByteArray = IOUtils.toByteArray(PoiUtil.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream("演示文稿.pptx"));
       } catch (IOException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
   }

   public static byte[] createWordFile() throws IOException {
       XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();
       //设置作者为空，默认为Apache POI
       Date now = new Date();
       doc.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreated(Optional.of(now));
       doc.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setModified(Optional.of(now));
       doc.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setTitle(null);
       doc.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreator(null);
       ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
       doc.write(bos);
       return bos.toByteArray();
   }
   public static byte[] createExcelFile() throws IOException {
       XSSFWorkbook wb = new XSSFWorkbook();
       XSSFSheet sheet = wb.createSheet("工作表1");
       ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
       Date now = new Date();
       wb.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreated(Optional.of(now));
       wb.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setModified(Optional.of(now));
       wb.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setTitle(null);
       wb.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreator(null);
       wb.write(bos);
       return bos.toByteArray();
   }

   /**
    * 根据ppt模版文件创建
    * @return
    * @throws IOException
    */
       public static byte[] createPPTFileByTemplate() throws IOException {
       XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow(new ByteArrayInputStream(pptTemplateByteArray));
       ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
       Date now = new Date();
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreated(Optional.of(now));
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setModified(Optional.of(now));
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setTitle(null);
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreator(null);
       ppt.write(bos);
       return bos.toByteArray();
   }

   /**
    * 创建ppt文件并手动绘制第一页
    * 较为复杂，效果没有模版文件快捷方便
    * @return
    * @throws IOException
    */
   public static byte[] createPPTFile() throws IOException {
       XMLSlideShow ppt = new XMLSlideShow();
       Date now = new Date();
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreated(Optional.of(now));
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setModified(Optional.of(now));
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setTitle(null);
       ppt.getProperties().getCoreProperties().setCreator(null);
       XSLFSlide slide1 = ppt.createSlide();
       slide1.createTextBox();
       XSLFTextBox shape1 = slide1.createTextBox();
       Rectangle anchor = new Rectangle( 100, 100, 500, 200);
       shape1.setAnchor(anchor);
       //添加标题文本库
       shape1.setTextPlaceholder(TextShape.TextPlaceholder.TITLE);
       shape1.setHorizontalCentered(true);
       XSLFTextBox shape2 = slide1.createTextBox();
       Rectangle anchor2 = new Rectangle(100, 310, 500, 120);
       shape2.setAnchor(anchor2);
       shape2.setTextPlaceholder(TextShape.TextPlaceholder.HALF_BODY);
       shape2.setHorizontalCentered(true);
       ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
       ppt.write(bos);
       return bos.toByteArray();
   }

}

三、测试验证

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            PoiUtil.createWordFile();
            PoiUtil.createExcelFile();
            PoiUtil.createPPTFileByTemplate();
            PoiUtil.createPPTFile();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

通常需求会在创建文档时要求填充一些初始化的内容格式，这时主要有两种途径：一是创建空白文档通过poi绘制需要的内容和样式，这种方式可能会因为内容样式复杂而导致绘制比较繁琐，同时会有一定耗时；另一种是通过文件模版创建，在某个文件的基础上进行创建，在程序启动时将文件流读取到服务内存（需要注意文件大小），更加方便快捷。